Neurosecretory cells in an insect's brain secrete a hormone, the prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) that activates prothoracic glands, which secrete a second hormone, usually ecdysone (an ecdysteroid), that induces ecdysis (shedding of the exoskeleton). In insects, growth and metamorphosis are controlled by hormones synthesized by endocrine glands near the front of the body ( anterior). The word metamorphosis derives from Ancient Greek μεταμόρφωσις, "transformation, transforming", from μετα- ( meta-), "after" and μορφή ( morphe), "form". Generally organisms with a larval stage undergo metamorphosis, and during metamorphosis the organism loses larval characteristics. Animals can be divided into species that undergo complete metamorphosis (" holometaboly"), incomplete metamorphosis (" hemimetaboly"), or no metamorphosis (" ametaboly"). Some insects, jellyfish, fish, amphibians, mollusks, crustaceans, cnidarians, echinoderms, and tunicates undergo metamorphosis, which is often accompanied by a change of nutrition source or behavior. Metamorphosis is a biological process by which an animal physically develops including birth transformation or hatching, involving a conspicuous and relatively abrupt change in the animal's body structure through cell growth and differentiation. A dragonfly in its final moult, undergoing metamorphosis, it begins transforming from its nymph form to an adult For other uses, see Metamorphosis (disambiguation). For the Franz Kafka novella, see The Metamorphosis. This article is about the biological process.
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